As elsewhere in the Catholic world, it originated as a reaction against abstentations and prohibitions. Carnival attempts to break social order and liberalise instincts, helped by wearing masks and fancy dress. General Franco abolished fiestas in rebel areas.

Semana Santa is celebrated during the week from Palm Sunday to Easter Sunday. Easter Monday, although a Bank Holiday in many countries including Gibraltar, is not celebrated in Spain.

Easter week processions compete with each other for splendour. Parades leave town churches to wend slowly through the streets carrying statues of Christ on the cross and the Virgin Mary in mourning.